The Weekly Article Analysis on Motivating the Aging and Youthful Workforces

The selected article for week 4 analysis was about improving the workplace or organizational culture by servicing the needs of both the new and old employees. The article by Falkenrath (2010) discussed important issues that need to be factored by all human resource units to ensure productive and long-lasting manpower.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The Weekly Article Analysis on Motivating the Aging and Youthful Workforces specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In its introductory bit, the author stressed that it is wrong for any company to come up with a similar set of needs and wants for motivating both the new and older generation employees. This is supported by the fact that the two sets of employees have varying needs and wants which ought to be captured separately. For instance, while new employees may find it appealing to work longer hours on higher salaries, older employees who have embraced a simil ar trend in their youthful state would prefer non-monetary rewards to appreciate their services at the workplaces (Stark, 2010). While giving the example of an aging and special group of the American population born in the period succeeding the World War II (Baby Boomers) which had witnessed an escalating reduction from workplaces, the article noted that there was need for the current management to understand the demographic factors such as age which were the root causes to the aging workers’ mass exodus from workplaces. This is gotten from the notion that this part of the aging workforce is still needed to reinforce the newly recruited workforce in effecting increasing business tasks. The article went ahead to provide a summary of the following as some of the factors that can be embraced in motivating an aging workforce. To start with, the article acknowledged the importance of adopting and embracing mentoring programs. These programs provide personal achievement to the ment or by allowing them to pass the acquired knowledge downstream to the younger workforce. Alternatively, these programs allow the learners to share their ‘new’ skills with the older generation thus enhancing the sharing of knowledge between the old and new generational workforce. Stark (2010) revisited that praising and recognizing good behaviors can also act as a motivating factor for the older generation. In addition, I also learned that retraining older workers in applications that keep on changing such as technological applications help in motivating and widening their knowledge base.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This finding was supported in Stark’s (2010) article when he referred to it as the creation of excitement at workplaces. To him, providing training and getting workers involved in determining the company vision and set goals were key motivators. Tellingly, allowing workers to balance and properly utilize the time spent at work and attending to other aspects of life (commonly called work-life balance) is a critical consideration for employees’ success (Stark, 2010). According to Landy and Conte (2009), this has the cost of improving their physical health and well-being (p.365). Towards its end, the article stressed on the need of respecting the older employees by observing actions such as assigning them special projects to make meaningful contributions and not comparing their work habits with those of the energetic young force (Falkenrath, 2010). Another key point stressed in motivating either aging or new generational employees is the adherence to the Equal Pay Act of 1963 in the USA. This act calls on employers to offer equal wages to men and women working in the same job group (McKay, 2012). It was also a learning point when the article went ahead to clarify that unequal pay was justified in instanc es where the job in question offers unrelated or unequal skill, effort, working conditions and responsibilities matrix (McKay, 2012). References Falkenrath, B. (2010). Workplace culture: Motivating an aging workforce. Web. Landy, F.J. Conte, J.M. (2009). Work in the 21st Century: An introduction to industrial and organizational psychology. John Wiley Sons: USA. McKay, D.R. (2012). Equal pay for equal work: The Equal Pay Act of 1963. Web.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The Weekly Article Analysis on Motivating the Aging and Youthful Workforces specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Stark, P.B. (2010). What matters most to employees? Web. This critical writing on The Weekly Article Analysis on Motivating the Aging and Youthful Workforces was written and submitted by user Griffin Hurst to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Global Perspective Project essays

Global Perspective Project essays Jamaicans have a long history of immigration to the United States, especially since the end of World War Two. Most immigrant from Jamaica settled in New York, and in Queens particularly. When Jenny and her family arrived in New York, they were greeted by a flourishing Jamaican community with deep roots. Moreover, Jenny's relatives had moved there five years earlier and sponsored them for American residency. Jenny started preschool immediately after arriving; her mother works both at Jenny's junior high school and at JFK international airport; and her father is a cook at a Queens-area rehabilitation center. The family struggles but they make ends meet. They passionately support Jenny's education and value her academic achievement. Jenny herself is highly motivated both in school and in extra-curricular activities, especially sports. She runs track formally in school and jogs with her father nearly every day at a local park. When investigating Jenny's funds of knowledge, it is important to reflect on her Jamaican heritage. Both her parents speak Patois, which they use to converse with their relatives and with other Jamaicans in the community. Jenny understands Patois and occasionally uses it at home or in the Jamaican community but does not speak it as much as her parents because unlike her parents, Jenny has lived in Brooklyn since she was two years old. Patois should be viewed as a fund of knowledge because of the way language helps define communities. As Gandi & Evering note, "A boundary is something used to express one's membership in a specific ethnic group. Jamaican Patois serves as a boundary for the Jamaican-American community." Because the Jamaican community has nurtured Jenny's family, easing their transition from the island to New York, it is also important to investigate sources of Jenny's funds of knowledge that are within the community. Some of Jenny's father's coworkers have become family friends and likewise, Jenny's mo...

Introduction to Social Networking and the Impact on College Life Research Paper

Introduction to Social Networking and the Impact on College Life - Research Paper Example The social network is a wonderful place to be for every individual in the world today because it provides updates from near and dear ones, assists in communicating with people living far away in remote areas of the world and also helps people to entertain themselves and keep busy. However, the social network has begun to have an adverse effect on the lives of students as well as professionals at the workplace because it has been eating into their work time. Many teachers argue that their students fail to finish their work on time because of being hooked onto the internet and on social network sites like Face book and Twitter. Social media websites have been thus affecting school and college students’ grades because students end up spending more time on websites rather than studying. Most students, when asked how they spend their day, reply by stating that they spend their hours after school or college in front of the computer, on websites like Twitter and Face book. These websites take up all their time because the new generation is obsessed with documenting their every thought on the internet. Moreover, they like checking into places on their Face book, updating their status and spend hours on a single photograph that someone would have tagged them on, commenting. All these activities eat up into their study time and they fail to get good grades or concentrate in the classroom due to being so hooked on to these websites all the time. The focus of this paper is on college students because school children can still be controlled by their parents and are under the regulation of their parent’s watchful eye. Once in college, a student is on his own, leading his own life and seldom listens to what the parents say, especially if he lives away from home. Such fr eedom tends to override the child’s life, leading him into spending his time in the most non productive and enjoyable manner possible. The internet may be very productive however using social networking websites may hinder productivity. By this I mean to say that the internet can be a very productive place to be as it has so many websites full of information and learning; one can enrich himself by reading the news as well, however college students seldom tend to do that, unless the news presents itself in the form of a Face book update. Almost 96% of college students are on Face book all the time and even if they study, they tend to keep checking their Face book page for updates every half an hour, if not lesser. This hinders work because it reduced the concentration span of the student. (Akhtar, Shabbir) â€Å"As social media websites, such as Face book, YouTube and Twitter gain popularity, they are also are becoming increasingly dangerous as they create modes to procrastin ate while trying to complete homework. Hence, in a survey of 102 students, 57% stated that social media has made them less productive.† Moreover, the student always has something else on his or her mind, or he keeps waiting for a particular notification to come, which makes him lose his attention from his college assignment completely. Obviously, being on the internet can exhaust a person because of all the browsing and the mental work that is being done, without even knowing it. So after browsing the Face book for even two hours, students tend to tire out easily, and thus delay doing their college work at all, again leading to bad grades in class the next day. Another aspect that hinders their work and brings them bad grades is that their smart phones are synchronized to their

Gastrointestinal Cancer Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gastrointestinal Cancer - Term Paper Example Helicobacter pylori are infective organisms which have been linked with the gastric cancer. Colorectal cancer is associated with genetic mutations as well low fibre diets and diets which lack essential vitamins. Gastrointestinal Cancer Cancer is uncontrolled and abnormal growth of a tissue destroying the adjacent tissues also. Sometimes the cancer metastasize which means the spread of cancerous cells from one part of the body to other part of the body through blood or lymph fluid. These properties of cancer make it more dangerous than benign tumours because benign tumours do not attack the nearby tissue and thus do not destroy them and benign tumours do not metastasize. Cancer cells have self sufficiency in growth, self replicative, insensitive to antigrowth signals and avoid apoptosis. Gastrointestinal system is a complex system which breaks and digests the ingested food mechanically and with the help of enzymes. Cancer can occur in gastrointestinal system too like esophageal cancer , gastric cancer, liver cancer, gall bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer and anal cancer. Esophageal cancer is condition in which the cells of esophagus start reproducing abnormally in uncontrolled way which destroys the esophagus. The cancer in esophagus mostly occurs in epithelial cells which lines the surface of esophagus. There are two types of esophageal cancer: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The squamous cell carcinoma mostly occurs in those populations which excessively consume alcohol, tobacco and hot tea. Adenocarcinoma is that cancer of esophagus which occurs in higher socioeconomic class, or in population with obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Generally squamous cell carcinoma occurs due to the irritation in esophageal squamous epithelium. The risk factors for the development of squamous cell carcinoma are tobacco, alcohol, high starch and low fibres diet, achalasia and a few more. Excessive tobacco use is can cause esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. If a person smoke cigarette or use smokeless tobacco products the effect of tobacco causing squamous cell carcinoma remain the same. Chronic alcohol use is also cause of development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The quitting of use of tobacco and alcohol decrease the risk of development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Unbalance diet is also increase the risk of development of squamous cell carcinoma. Diet rich in starch and having low quantity of fibres aid in development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma occurs in patient with previous achalasia. Chronic irritants of the esophagus, Plummer-vinson syndrome increase the risk of squamous cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma occurs in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrette’s disease history. Barrette’s disease is the metaplasia of epithelial cells of esophagus. Metaplasia is the reversible change of cells which are replaced by another type of adult cells. In Barrette’s disease normal stratified squamous epithelium of distal esophagus is replaced by coloumnar epithelium containing goblet cells. The development of adenocarcinoma from Barrette’s esophagus is a long process which takes years to occur. The degree at which change in the cells occurs is responsible for development of

Driving to Colma Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Driving to Colma - Assignment Example On the same point, when the father was seek it is recommended for him to call his friends to see how is feeling concerning the sickness. This is depicted when he calls Jim a friend. On top of that, the invited Japanese come with food. The narrator and the father have a strong relationship when it comes to driving. The father is always dictating the narrator on how to drive and show her directions like a little child. It pisses of the narrator making her to hate the instructions she receives from the father. On top of that the father is very concerning with the welfare of the daughter and he always likes to be driven by the narrator. The two are close friend and a father and daughter respectively. They narrator has the bond of love to her father just like the father to daughter relationship. The narrator loves the car of her father and she always loves driving her to important places like hospital. With the partying gift, the father loves his daughter till he buys her (the narrator) a present. The narrator always loves a quiet life and she does not need anyone to dictate her. She always never liked her father to dictate her and show her directions that are unnecessary. She also loves her father by the fact that she massages her using fists. Each and every time the father gets sick, she always gets worried. All this is proved from the drive where the narrator loves to hold the keys and take her father to a drive. On the other side, the father cares the life of his daughter. She takes her daughter oversees to study and always wants her to be close to him. By allowing her to be driving him, it is a sign of a father daughter love.

Value Chain Analysis and Traditional Management Accounting

Value Chain Analysis and Traditional Management Accounting Along with the development of world economic integration, the modern enterprises are facing the competitions and challenges not only from the domestic market, but also from the international markets. The companies are confront with the different economic environment, so that the social environment of accounting may also undergo some major changes(Pierce and ODea,2003). The first one is the research and development of science and technology become an important foundation. Then the ability of access to information and communication become the crucial point of success. Third, the human resources as a prerequisite for firms development and expansion. The final one is an unprecedented development of services, the corporate should have global awareness. The modern enterprise management concept is strategic, long-term and global development, therefore the traditional management accounting may be difficult to adapt this new environment. The cost systems, cost control systems and performance reporting systems of traditional management accounting may be no longer meet the new manufacturing environment. The competition among enterprises is no longer limited to the price of products and services, cost or quality, but rather be reflected in the inter-enterprise value chain. Since the 80s of last century, Professor Michael Porter set the value chain theory has been widely applied to the practice of business management and become the most important management ideas and methods Based on such situation, this assignment will investigate how the value chain analysis challenge and improve the traditional management accounting. First, It will illustrate the weakness of traditional management accounting. Then it will go on to demonstrate the value chain theory. Third, it will consider the difference between traditional management accounting and value chain analysis. The limitation of traditional management accounting There exist five major limitation for traditional management accounting. The first one is the traditional management accounting may treat the firm as a single part. It only provided information for a single enterprise management decision and control, ignoring the external environment and other relevant information also can reflect the firms position in the market(Williamson,1975). Second, the traditional management accounting limited to the collection and analysis of internal financial information, the information break away from the requirements of corporate strategic management and weakened the role of management accounting(Granlund and Lukka, 1998). Third, the concept of traditional management accounting just focus on solving the relevant and individual internal issues. It can not form a sound management system with the market and long-term interests, so that the composition of the budget system just only concentrate on the enterprises internal planning and operations. The forth i s the traditional management accounting adopted financial indicators mainly such as profit and cost to assess and measure the performance of corporate. But the calculation of these indicators do not consider the cost of capital and risk premium, therefore, the report of business performance by these indicators are not accurate. In addition, the measurement of enterprise performance should include monetary and non monetary factors. However, the measurement of indicators by traditional management accounting only include monetary indicators. The final one is the investment decision is an important part for traditional management accounting. The economic evaluation of investment projects mainly through the cash inflows and outflows of entire construction and operation period. This approach chiefly considers the financial benefits, focusing on saving direct materials and labor. However, when facing the global international market, in order to improve and enhance the competitiveness of bu siness, the firm can not only appraise the financial profit, but also should take a variety of non-financial benefits into account (Bhimani and Langfield-Smith. 2007). Because of the limitation of traditional management accounting, the appearance of Strategic Management Accounting expands the perspective of the management accounting (Roslender and Hart, 2003). It clearly explain that the MA should concern about the overall function of the company. It is servicing for developing and controlling the companys strategy. Based on this, the value chain analysis as an crucial method of SMA is the breakthrough. In the following chapter, I will focus on to state the value chain theory. The value chain theory The concept of value chain is firstly proposed by Professor Michael Porter(1985), he demonstrated that if taking the enterprise as a whole it can not discover the firms competitive advantage. The competitive advantage should come from the various mutual separate activities, such as design, production, marketing, delivery and supporting process. Each company is the aggregation of such kinds of activities, all these activities can be expressed with the value chain. After that Shank and Gowindarajan(1993) believe that any corporate value chain should contain the whole process form the raw materials which get from the initial suppliers to the final products which will be delivered to the users. Their greatest contribution is combined the value chain analysis method with the accounting information to make the strategic management become reality. With the development of information technology, Rayport and Sviolda(1995) proposed the virtual value chain, they further enrich the value chain t heory. Dynamically, the value chain analysis is actually a process which around the value-added, continue to coordinate and optimize the value chain. The Value chain as an important management tool should be first an information system which services to its target business management. It have to provide useful information to optimize the business processes, realizing the value-added process and can be utilized for decision-making. The value chain analysis takes all forms of business activities into the value chain and then forecast, decide, analysis, control and evaluate any increased or decreased value which on the value chain. Compared with the traditional management accounting, the value chain analysis expands the range of accounting object and extending the business from the internal core to the entire value chain. If treating the enterprise as a whole, it may be unable to distinguish which is the effective value-added part. But the value chain analysis can decompose the business activ ities, by examining each activities and their relationship with other segments of the value chain to determine the companys added value. Also the concept of value chain vividly summed up the organic links of the firms value creation activities, but the companys value chain is not a single part, it is a crisscross value chain network(Collins and Belcher 1999; Hinterhuber 2002). Therefore, the control of the value chain can not be isolated and dispersed, but should be based on real-time evaluation and multi-dimensional of the full range of control. The differences between value chain and traditional management accounting There may exist three main difference between value chain analysis and traditional management accounting. The first one is the typical character of traditional management accounting is its inward-oriented services, subordinate and serve the enterprises internal organization and management. And the traditional management accounting use the firm itself and its internal units as object, only concerned the enterprise itself and ignored the external factors, so the aims of corporate may lack of long-term competitiveness. In contrast, the value chain analysis tends to extroversion, mainly because enterprises strategy is outward character. The enterprise development strategies should consider the uncertainty of external operating environment as premise, it must pay attention to the changes of the external environment to ensure that the business can survive and develop in such turbulent environment. So the researched scope of value chain is breakthrough the enterprise itself, involved both u pstream and downstream enterprises, also including the competitors. The goals is to maintain a competitive advantage as a starting point, based on system optimization and the long-term competitiveness. The second one is the traditional management accounting focus on the maximization of short-term interests of the enterprise and only concerned about the production process, analyzing the associated cost of three stages of project: supply, production and marketing, never in-depth consideration of the management operating. However the value chain management is directly analysis of to the operating level. It includes five basic operations and four auxiliary operations. The five primary activities is: inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and service. And the procurement, technology development, human resources management and enterprise infrastructure as four support activities. On this basis, the value chain analysis can be divide into three levels, one is aimed at the operating management of the basic operations and support operations. The second is the enterprise value chain management. The third one is the firms outside value chain management. These three levels will cooperate with each other and making the management become more objective. In fact, when the competition of firms become the overall strategic competition, the pursuit of long-term goals, market share has become a business imperative goal. Therefore, the value chain analysis follow the long-term and overall interests and maximizing the profit as its main characters The third one is the traditional management accounting based on the enterprise itself and only regarding the firm as a whole or using the internal units as object, the analysis is rather limited. But the value chain analysis not only take the business itself into account, but also consider the rival , suppliers, sales channels and even entire industries, the analysis of subjects is quite diversity. Conclusion To conclude, because of only focusing on the internal management and short-term effect, the traditional management accounting exposed its limitations and can not meet the requirements of business. However, the strategic management accounting is more able to adapt to todays more complex competitive environment and global market, it both concerns the long-term interest and the coordination of internal resources and external environment. In this assignment, the article emphasis on analyzing how the value chain analysis better than the traditional management accounting and stating the main difference between value chain analysis and traditional management accounting. The value chain theory is an important achievement in recent years and it provides a new perspective for the business management.

Capital Structure :: Economy, The Trade-Off Theory

The trade-off theory and the pecking order theory suggest a negative relation between leverage and business risk. However, supported by literature [Bennet and Donelly (1993), Huang and Song (2003), Booth et al. (2001), and Deemosak et al. (2004)] the results presented display a strong and significant positive relation between them for all the measures of leverage. This relation can be justified by suggesting that risky firms will tend to use more debt since they cannot transfer wealth from bondholders to shareholders (Bennet and Donelly, 1993) or that firms with risky investments will use higher levels of debt (Huang and Song, 2003). Additionally, a firm can increase its levels of risky investment if the costs and risk of entering into a liquidation process is low (Deemosak et al., 2004). As the Latin American firms volatility of earnings increases, they tend to rely in debt for their future investments. Focusing to the models including macroeconomic indicators (columns market as II) it can be seen that inflation has a strong and significant positive relation with leverage. The results, though, contradict with literature [Booth et al. (2001), Barbosa and Moraes (2003) and Jorgensen and Terra (2003)]. Latin American countries have experienced high rates of inflation at the end of the 1990’s; however, since 1995, inflation has been decreasing. Despite the latter, internal and external financial crisis has led inflation to rise again at the end of 1990’s and at the beginning of 2000. The results suggest that Latin American firms increase their debt levels when inflation rises because in inflationary periods nominal liabilities, such as debt, depreciate in value, thus, become more attractive to the borrower. The ratio of stock market capitalization to GDP has a negative relation with all the dependent variables, as the capital market develop become a viable alternative; f irms will tend to use less debt. On the other hand, the ratio of deposit money bank to GDP displays a positive relation with leverage - as the banking sector increases, firms will have more incentive to use more debt. For both variables, the results concur with Booth et al. (2001) and with Agarwal and Mohatadi (2004). Booth et al. (2001) argue that higher economic growth tends to increase debt ratios, however, the results illustrate that in Latin American countries economic growth is negatively related with leverage (except for the long-term debt ratio indicating that firms will choose low debt levels during expansion in the business cycle).